Conditions We Treat
Brain stimulation for when standard treatments are not enough.
We specialize in conditions where medication alone has not been sufficient, where diagnosis has been unclear, or where a more precise, measurement-based approach is needed.
Depression
Depression involves dysregulation of specific brain circuits — particularly the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and its connections to deeper structures involved in mood regulation.
Standard antidepressants work for many people, but not all. When medications fall short, brain stimulation can directly modulate the circuits involved. TMS is FDA-cleared for treatment-resistant depression, and our EEG-guided approach allows us to target the optimal site and frequency for each individual.
We have treated hundreds of patients with treatment-resistant depression using personalized brain stimulation protocols.
Anxiety
Anxiety reflects overactivation of threat-detection circuits and underactivation of regulatory circuits in the prefrontal cortex. The autonomic nervous system is often dysregulated, with reduced vagal tone and chronic sympathetic activation.
Brain stimulation can target both sides of this equation — strengthening prefrontal regulation through TMS and restoring vagal tone through tVNS. CES (cranial electrotherapy stimulation) is FDA-cleared specifically for anxiety.
Bipolar Spectrum
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Bipolar conditions involve instability in brain network dynamics — not just mood swings, but shifts in energy, cognition, sleep, and temperament. Diagnosis is often delayed or missed because the pattern is more complex than simple depression.
EEG can reveal oscillatory patterns associated with bipolar spectrum conditions that are not visible through clinical interview alone. Treatment combines mood stabilization with targeted stimulation to support prefrontal function.
Attention and Executive Dysfunction
ADHD and executive dysfunction involve specific patterns of underactivation in the prefrontal cortex and disruption of the brain's attentional networks. These patterns are often visible on EEG.
Brain stimulation can enhance prefrontal function and improve attention, working memory, and cognitive control. When combined with EEG-guided targeting, we can identify and address the specific network deficits contributing to each patient's difficulties.
Trauma and PTSD
Trauma disrupts the brain's ability to regulate threat responses. The amygdala becomes hyperactive, prefrontal control weakens, and the autonomic nervous system becomes locked in a state of chronic hypervigilance.
TMS can strengthen prefrontal regulation. tVNS activates the parasympathetic nervous system to help restore autonomic balance. Together with trauma-informed clinical care, brain stimulation addresses the neurobiological dimension of PTSD that talk therapy alone may not reach.
Treatment-Resistant Conditions
When multiple medications and therapies have not worked, the problem is often not the patient — it is the approach. Standard treatment relies on symptoms alone, but symptoms can arise from very different underlying brain patterns.
We use EEG and clinical evaluation to look beyond symptoms and identify what is actually happening in the brain. This allows us to select treatments based on mechanism, not just diagnosis.
Treatment resistance is not a dead end. It is a signal that a different approach is needed.